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Hearing Aids and Assistive Listening Systems
Built from Haynes-Glasscock-Shambaugh Surgery of the Ear, Seventh Edition
What’s inside
13 sections · 138 slides
Overview
- Scope of this topic
- Role of the otolaryngologist in amplification
- Pace of change in hearing aid technology
- Body-worn hearing aid with custom earmold
Hearing Aid Styles
- Common hearing aid styles
- Determinants of hearing aid style choice
- Behind-the-ear hearing aids
- Behind-the-ear aids with custom earmolds
- Receiver-in-the-canal hearing aids
- Receiver-in-the-canal aid with wire and dome
- Custom in-the-ear and in-the-canal aids
- Completely-in-canal and invisible-in-canal aids
- Styles of hearing aids — where the electronics sit
- Styles of hearing aids — where the electronics sit (continued)
- Styles of hearing aids — uses and advantages
- Styles of hearing aids — uses and advantages (continued)
- Styles of hearing aids — limitations
- Styles of hearing aids — limitations (continued)
Nontraditional Hearing Aids
- Contralateral routing of signal systems
- CROS versus BiCROS terminology
- Extended-wear hearing aids
- Light-driven hearing aids
Electrical Components
- Signal path through a digital hearing aid
- Microphones and dual microphone technology
- Preamplification and analog-to-digital conversion
- Sampling rate and bit depth
- Digital signal processor functions
- Receivers and digital-to-analog conversion
- Hearing aid batteries
- Rechargeable hearing aids in their charging unit
Acoustic Coupling and Venting
- Coupling options in hearing aid fitting
- Traditional thick tubing and slim tubing
- Thin wire coupling in receiver-in-canal aids
- Custom earmolds and non-custom domes
- Venting and the range of fittings
- Open versus occluded fittings
- The occlusion effect
Digital Processing
- Frequency-dependent gain adjustment
- Maximum power output limits
- Compression and wide dynamic range compression
- Speech enhancement and noise reduction
- Binaural wireless processing
- Sound classifiers
- Acoustic feedback management
Additional Features
- Feature set of current hearing aids
- Direct and hands-free streaming
- Tinnitus management with sound generators
- Frequency-lowering technology
- Artificial intelligence and rechargeability
- Smart device applications
- Bluetooth and Auracast broadcast audio
Hearing Aid Candidacy
- Principles of hearing aid candidacy
- Types of hearing loss and amplification
- Sensorineural hearing loss and amplification
- Conductive hearing loss and amplification
- Mixed hearing loss and amplification
- Pure-tone audiogram
- Degree of hearing loss
- Mild hearing loss
- Moderate and moderately severe hearing loss
- Severe and profound hearing loss
- Fitting ranges of hearing aids
- Difficult audiometric configurations
- Reverse-slope hearing loss
- Steeply sloping high-frequency hearing loss
- Processing options for difficult fittings
Patient Factors
- Patient perception and motivation
- Indications for a trial of amplification
- Lifestyle assessment in device selection
- Dexterity, vision and caregiver support
- Untreated hearing loss and cognition
- Hearing loss as a dementia risk factor
- The ACHIEVE trial
- Lancet Commission on dementia
- Cost as a barrier to amplification
- Over-the-counter hearing aid category
- Appropriate use of over-the-counter devices
- Categories of hearing aids, per the United States Food and Drug Administration — over-the-counter devices
- Categories of hearing aids, per the United States Food and Drug Administration — prescription devices
- Categories of hearing aids, per the United States Food and Drug Administration — personal sound amplifiers
Medical Clearance
- Medical clearance before hearing aid fitting
- Actively draining ears and chronic otitis
- Tympanic membrane perforation
- Excessive cerumen
- Atresia, stenosis and surgical canal closure
- Mastoid cavities
- Ménière's disease
- Sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Fitting and Verification
- Bilateral amplification as the default
- Binaural advantages of bilateral fitting
- The hearing aid fitting appointment
- Verification and real ear measurement
- Acclimatization to amplification
- Follow-up after fitting
- Assortment of hearing aids with domes and earmolds
Accessories and Assistive Listening
- Role of accessories and assistive devices
- Common hearing aid accessories
- Remote microphones and streaming accessories
- Telecoil and induction loop reception
- Hearing induction loop signage in a public venue
- Assistive listening devices in the clinic
- Alerting devices and home solutions
- Common accessories for hearing aids — what each device is
- Common accessories for hearing aids — best use and advantages
- Common accessories for hearing aids — best use and advantages (continued)
- Common accessories for hearing aids — limitations
- Assistive listening devices and smartphone-based assistive technologies — what each device is
- Assistive listening devices and smartphone-based assistive technologies — what each device is (continued)
- Assistive listening devices and smartphone-based assistive technologies — uses and advantages
- Assistive listening devices and smartphone-based assistive technologies — uses and advantages (continued)
- Assistive listening devices and smartphone-based assistive technologies — uses and advantages (continued)
- Assistive listening devices and smartphone-based assistive technologies — limitations
- Assistive listening devices and smartphone-based assistive technologies — limitations (continued)
- Assistive listening devices and smartphone-based assistive technologies — limitations (continued)
- Smartphone-based assistive technologies
Summary
- Key points for the otolaryngologist
- Individualised and evolving recommendations
- References
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- Haynes-Glasscock-Shambaugh Surgery of the Ear, Seventh Edition
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