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Radiology
Imaging Children—what You Need to Know
Built from Fundamentals of Diagnostic Radiology
What’s inside
6 sections · 41 slides
Overview
- What this overview covers
- Why this introduction matters
Working with children in the radiology department
Communication and technique, because children are not small adults
- Why children need a different approach
- Communication that lowers fear
- Honest, literal directions
- Calming infants
- Painful procedures and parents
- Child life practitioners
Radiation risk
Placing CT dose and cancer risk into context
- The 2001 paper that raised the alarm
- Dose reduction that followed
- From dose reduction to benefit/risk
- Unintended consequences of radiation fear
- ALARA and its limits
- 40%
- Placing risk in context
Sedation and anesthesia
When sedation helps, and how to avoid it
- Why children need sedation more often
- When to use sedation
- Ways to reduce the need for sedation
Contrast material considerations
Gadolinium, reactions, nephrotoxicity, dosing, and flavorings
- Role of contrast in children
- Deciding whether to give contrast
- Pediatric dosing and oral contrast
Modality-specific considerations
Technique differences for radiographs, fluoroscopy, ultrasound, nuclear medicine, MRI, and CT
- Radiograph dose and technique
- Chest radiographs in children
- Abdominal radiographs in children
- Musculoskeletal radiographs and skeletal survey
- Fluoroscopy in childhood
- Why double-contrast studies are rare
- Ultrasound as the workhorse
- Ultrasound technique and the technologist
- Nuclear medicine backbone studies
- PET and MIBG in childhood
- Why MRI dominates in children
- Drawbacks of MRI in children
- Optimizing MRI for children
- CT technique for different sizes
- High-resolution chest CT: volume acquisition
- Chest CT challenges and contrast
- Abdominopelvic CT in children
- Key takeaways
- References
- Brant and Helms’ Fundamentals of Diagnostic Radiology