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Radiology
Genital Tract and Bladder Ultrasound
Built from Fundamentals of Diagnostic Radiology
What’s inside
7 sections · 187 slides
Overview
- Topic overview
Female Genital Tract
Ultrasound techniques and the pelvic examination
- Indications for pelvic ultrasound
- What ultrasound adds to the pelvic exam
- Four pelvic ultrasound techniques
Uterus
Normal anatomy, the endometrium, and uterine masses
- Normal uterine shape and size
- Uterine position terms
- Normal uterus
- Endometrium across the menstrual cycle
- Endometrium across the cycle
- Three-line endometrium explained
- Junctional zone and arcuate calcifications
- Congenital uterine anomalies
- Leiomyomas (fibroids)
- Leiomyoma ultrasound appearance
- Leiomyoma
- Leiomyoma behavior and treatment
- Leiomyosarcoma
- Leiomyosarcoma
- Adenomyosis
- Adenomyosis
- Adenomyosis ultrasound findings
- Measuring the endometrium
- Postmenopausal bleeding
- Causes of postmenopausal bleeding
- Endometrial atrophy
- Endometrial atrophy
- Endometrial carcinoma
- Endometrial carcinoma
- Endometrial hyperplasia
- Endometrial polyps
- Endometrial polyp
- Tamoxifen and the endometrium
- Tamoxifen cystic endometrial change
- Submucosal leiomyomas
- Submucosal leiomyoma
- Endometrial polyp versus submucosal leiomyoma
- Fluid in the endometrial cavity
- Fluid in the endometrial cavity
- Nabothian cysts
- Nabothian cysts
- Uterine arteriovenous malformations
- Uterine arteriovenous malformation
- Intrauterine contraceptive devices
- Low-lying IUD
Ovaries and Adnexa
Follicles, cysts, tumors, and torsion
- Normal ovaries
- Normal ovaries
- The ovarian cycle
- Ovarian landmarks and menopause
- 4 x 3 x 2 cm
- Follicles
- Corpus luteum
- Normal corpus luteum
- Functional ovarian cyst
- Functional ovarian cyst
- Causes of an ovarian mass
- Causes of an ovarian mass
- Hemorrhagic ovarian cysts
- Hemorrhagic ovarian cysts
- Acoustic streaming and resolution
- Postmenopausal ovarian cysts
- Pelvic inflammatory disease
- Tuboovarian abscess
- Endometriosis
- Endometrioma
- Endometrioma appearance
- Ovarian tumors at a glance
- Benign cystic teratomas (dermoids)
- Benign cystic teratomas
- Dermoid ultrasound patterns
- Epithelial ovarian tumors
- Serous tumors
- Mucinous tumors
- Benign mucinous cystadenoma
- Endometrioid and other epithelial types
- Germ cell tumors
- Stromal tumors
- Metastases to the ovary
- Signs of ovarian malignancy
- Ovarian carcinoma
- Ovarian malignancy risk factors
- Size, blood flow, and age
- Spread beyond the ovary
- Peritoneal implants of ovarian carcinoma
- Nonovarian pelvic cysts
- Paraovarian cysts
- Peritoneal inclusion cysts
- Peritoneal inclusion cyst
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- Hydrosalpinx
- Hydrosalpinx
- Adnexal torsion
- Adnexal torsion
- Reading torsion Doppler
Testes and Scrotum
Anatomy, torsion, infection, and masses
- Scrotal ultrasound basics
- Normal testis
- Normal scrotal anatomy
- Epididymis and ductus deferens
- Appendix testis and appendix epididymis
- Scrotal layers and tunica vaginalis
- Spermatic cord and testicular vessels
- Normal testicular echotexture
- Undescended testis
- Finding the undescended testis
- Acute scrotal pain
- Causes of acute painful scrotum
- Testicular torsion
- Testicular torsion
- How torsion injures the testis
- Torsion timing and salvage
- Doppler pitfalls in torsion
- Torsion of the appendix testis
- Acute epididymo-orchitis
- Acute epididymo-orchitis
- Sorting scrotal masses
- Intratesticular lesions
- Extratesticular lesions
- Sorting a scrotal mass
- Primary testicular neoplasms
- Seminoma
- Seminoma
- Nonseminomatous tumors
- Mixed germ cell tumor
- Lymphoma, leukemia, and metastases
- Testicular lymphoma
- Gonadal stromal tumors
- Testicular microlithiasis
- Testicular microlithiasis
- Benign testicular cysts
- Testicular cyst
- Dilated rete testis
- Dilated rete testis
- Orchitis and abscess
- Testicular abscess
- Testicular infarction
- Scrotal trauma
- Fractured testis
- Intratesticular hematoma
- Hydrocele, hematocele, and pyocele
- Scrotal calculi
- Varicocele
- Varicocele
- Scrotal hernia
- Inguinal hernia
- Spermatoceles and epididymal cysts
- Spermatocele
- Solid epididymal lesions
- Fournier gangrene
- Fournier gangrene
Prostate
Normal anatomy, hyperplasia, and cancer
- Prostate ultrasound indications
- Normal prostate ultrasound anatomy
- Enlarged prostate
- Prostate carcinoma
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia
- Prostatic calcifications
- Acute prostatitis and abscess
- Prostate abscess
- Prostatic cysts
- Cystic lesions of the prostate
- Utricle cyst
Bladder
Wall, ureters, and bladder masses
- Bladder ultrasound role
- Normal bladder ultrasound
- Ureteral jet
- Ureteral jets
- Echogenic urine
- Echogenic urine in cystitis
- Bladder diverticula
- Bladder diverticulum
- Simple ureterocele
- Simple ureterocele
- Ectopic ureterocele
- Bladder carcinoma
- Bladder carcinoma
- Bladder stones
- Bladder foreign bodies
- Bladder blood clots
- Bladder outlet obstruction
- Cystitis
- Urethral diverticulum
- Urethral diverticulum
- Key takeaways
- Suggested readings
- Suggested readings
- Suggested readings
- Suggested readings
- Brant and Helms' Fundamentals of Diagnostic Radiology