Dermatology
Vascular Neoplasms and Neoplastic-Like Proliferations
Built from Dermatology, 5th Edition
What’s inside
16 sections · 84 slides
Overview and Classification
What counts as a vascular neoplasm, and how this deck is organized
- What is a vascular neoplasm?
- How this deck is organized
- Three ways a vessel growth can arise
- Where a vessel growth sits on this spectrum
- Vascular tumors, their syndromes, and lab clues
- A working classification of vessel growths
- A working classification of cutaneous vascular anomalies.
- A working classification of cutaneous vascular anomalies. (continued)
Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia
A blood clot that heals in a way that can be mistaken for cancer
- What is papillary endothelial hyperplasia?
- Who gets it, and where
- How the pattern forms
- PEH forms a firm, slow-growing lump, often red- or blue-tinged, usually painless.
- Diagnosis and treatment
Reactive Angioendotheliomatosis
A benign capillary overgrowth once confused with a rare lymphoma
- What it is
- What triggers it
- A: reticulated (net-like) violet plaques with tiny visible vessels on a large, heavy breast.
- Diagnosis and treatment
Angiokeratomas
Small, dark, warty vascular spots with five distinct clinical patterns
- What is an angiokeratoma?
- Five clinical patterns of angiokeratoma
- Solitary/multiple type: a small, warty, black papule, most often on the legs, from chronic irritation of a tiny vein.
- These lesions form along superficial veins of the scrotum and are typically multiple.
- Angiokeratoma corporis diffusum and Fabry disease
- Mibelli type: appears at ages 10–15 on the fingers and toes, often linked to chilblains and cold-related poor circulation.
- Pathology, diagnosis, and treatment
Targetoid Hemosiderotic Lymphatic Malformation
The lesion once called “hobnail hemangioma”, now known to be a malformation
- What it is, and why the name changed
- Who gets it, and what triggers it
- A solitary, painless, red-blue to violet-brown papule, starting 2–3 mm across and slowly growing.
- Two layers under the microscope: superficial and deep.
- Diagnosis and treatment
Verrucous Venulocapillary Malformation
A birthmark once mistaken for a growing tumor, driven by a single gene fault
- What it is
- What causes it
- Present at birth as isolated, grouped, or joined-together red-to-purple papules, most often on the lower leg.
- Pathology
- Diagnosis and treatment
Pyogenic Granuloma
A fast-growing, bleeding red bump with a misleading name
- What it is — and why the name is wrong
- Who gets it, and what triggers it
- How a pyogenic granuloma grows
- A solitary red papule or polyp that grows fast over weeks to months, then stabilizes and may shrink.
- Small capillaries group into lobules, separated by thick fibrous bands — hence “lobular capillary hemangioma”.
- Diagnosis and treatment
Cherry Angioma
The most common acquired vascular spot of adult life
- What it is
- Why they appear
- Round to oval, bright red to purple, dome-shaped bumps, from barely visible up to several millimeters.
- Pathology and treatment
Tufted Angioma
A slow-spreading childhood vascular patch on the same spectrum as a rarer, more aggressive tumor
- What it is
- Tufted angioma and KHE — one spectrum, two faces
- Over half of cases appear before age 5, and about 15% are present at birth.
- Multiple discrete lobules (“cannonballs”) of tightly packed tiny capillaries fill the dermis and often the fat below.
- Diagnosis and treatment
Glomeruloid Hemangioma
A distinctive vessel growth that flags an underlying rare plasma-cell disorder
- What it is
- How common, and where it appears
- How glomeruloid hemangioma forms
- Widened dermal vessels are packed with small, well-formed capillary loops, resembling kidney glomeruli.
- POEMS syndrome — putting the picture together
- POEMS syndrome – clinical criteria, cutaneous findings, and associated vascular lesions.
- POEMS syndrome – clinical criteria, cutaneous findings, and associated vascular lesions. (continued)
- Treatment
Microvenular Hemangioma
A slow-growing solitary bump with a predilection for the forearm
- What it is
- What may trigger it, and how it's diagnosed
Epithelioid Hemangioma
A benign head-and-neck vessel growth with a long history of confusing names
- What it is, and its many names
- Who gets it, and what may trigger it
- Tan, brown, pink, or dull red papules or nodules, mainly around the ears, forehead, and scalp.
- Small, capillary-sized vessels cluster around larger central vessels, in a lobular pattern.
- Diagnosis and treatment
Multifocal Lymphangioendotheliomatosis with Thrombocytopenia
A rare disease present at birth, with skin lesions, gut bleeding, and a low platelet count
- What it is
- Sometimes hundreds of flat or firm red-brown to burgundy papules and plaques are present at birth.
- Pathology, diagnosis, and treatment
Sinusoidal Hemangioma
A middle-aged-adult lesion that can be mistaken for a rare vessel cancer
- What it is
- Who gets it, and what it looks like
- Pathology and treatment
Summary
Pulling the chapter's threads together
- Key takeaways
- Look-alikes: benign here, more serious next door
References
The chapter's own cited literature
- References
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- References
- References
- Dermatology, 5th Edition (2-Volume Set)