← All decks
The first 25 slides, exactly as they appear. The full deck has 124 content slides.
Dermatology
Cutaneous Manifestations of Microvascular Occlusion Syndromes
Built from Dermatology, 5th Edition
What’s inside
11 sections · 124 slides
Overview
- What this topic covers
- “
Recognizing Microvascular Occlusion
The clinical clue (retiform purpura), why the distinction matters, and a screening workup
- Retiform purpura: the key visual clue
- Why occlusion versus vasculitis matters
- Algorithm for evaluating retiform purpura
- Microvascular occlusion grouped by mechanism
- Microvascular occlusion grouped by mechanism (continued)
- Building a basic laboratory workup
- Basic screening tests for occlusive syndromes
Platelet-Related Thrombopathy
Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, myeloproliferative neoplasms, PNH, and thrombotic microangiopathy
- Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) syndrome
- How HIT causes clotting
- HIT: who is at risk, and when it strikes
- What HIT skin lesions look like
- Diagnosing HIT
- Treating HIT
- Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs)
- The three Philadelphia chromosome-negative MPNs
- Erythromelalgia: a platelet-driven clue
- MPNs: diagnosis and treatment
- Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH)
- PNH: skin findings and treatment
- Primary thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA)
- The three primary thrombotic microangiopathies
- TTP pathogenesis
- Working through a thrombotic microangiopathy
- TMA: how to tell it apart from DIC
- Treating primary TMA
Cold-Triggered Protein Occlusion
Cryoglobulins, cryofibrinogens, and cold agglutinins - proteins that clot or clump in the cold
- Three cold-sensitive blood proteins
- Cryoglobulins: two disease mechanisms
- Type I cryoglobulinemia: clinical picture
- Thrombotic vasculopathy in type I cryoglobulinemia
- Cryofibrinogenemia
- Cold agglutinin disease
- Cold agglutinin disease - histopathology
- Treating cold-triggered occlusion
Occlusion by Organisms Inside Vessels
Ecthyma gangrenosum, angioinvasive fungi, strongyloidiasis, Lucio phenomenon, and rickettsial infection
- A shared pattern: organisms growing inside vessel walls
- Ecthyma gangrenosum
- Angioinvasive fungi
- Disseminated strongyloidiasis and Lucio phenomenon
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever
- Treating vessel-invasive organism infections
Occlusion by Emboli
Cholesterol and oxalate emboli, plus rarer sources: myxoma, endocarditis, crystalglobulins, hypereosinophilia
- Cholesterol embolus: who gets it
- What triggers a cholesterol embolus shower
- Cholesterol emboli: skin findings and histology
- Cholesterol embolus: the full clinical picture
- Cholesterol embolus: pathology and treatment
- Oxalate embolus
- Other embolus-associated syndromes
- Cutaneous embolism from an atrial myxoma - histopathology
Purpura Fulminans, Warfarin Necrosis, and APS
Protein C and S failure states, and the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
- Purpura fulminans: a shared final pathway
- Neonatal purpura fulminans
- Warfarin necrosis: why it happens
- Warfarin necrosis: clinical picture
- Warfarin-associated venous limb gangrene
- Purpura fulminans with sepsis
- Purpura fulminans after infection
- Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS): the basics
- 0.3-1%
- APS: cutaneous findings
- Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome: Sapporo-Sydney criteria
- Cutaneous findings reported in APS
- Cutaneous findings reported in APS (continued)
- Catastrophic APS (CAPS)
- APS: pathology, testing, and treatment
Sneddon Syndrome, Livedoid Vasculopathy, and Degos Disease
Vascular coagulopathies with distinctive skin patterns and named eponyms
- Sneddon syndrome: the core picture
- What drives Sneddon syndrome
- Sneddon syndrome: the neurologic course
- ADA2 deficiency: a pediatric Sneddon mimic
- Sneddon syndrome and its cutaneous/neural mimics
- Sneddon syndrome: pathology and treatment
- Livedoid vasculopathy: the core picture
- Livedoid vasculopathy: what drives it
- Livedoid vasculopathy: clinical features
- Livedoid vasculopathy: pathology
- Disorders that may mimic livedoid vasculopathy
- Disorders that may mimic livedoid vasculopathy (continued)
- IgA vasculitis mimicking livedoid vasculopathy
- Livedoid vasculopathy: treatment
- Drug-triggered vascular ulcers
- Benign and malignant atrophic papulosis (Degos disease)
- Two forms of atrophic papulosis
- Degos disease: clinical features
- Degos disease: pathology and treatment
- Levamisole-adulterated cocaine vasculopathy
- Levamisole vasculopathy: pathology and treatment
- Calciphylaxis: the vascular mechanism
Cell-Related Vascular Occlusion
Sickle cell disease, thalassemia, and clotting driven by circulating malignant cells
- Sickle cell disease: how vessels get blocked
- Sickle cell disease: leg ulcers and treatment
- Thalassemia and other hemolytic anemias
- Intravascular cellular occlusion
- Intravascular B cell lymphoma
- Cutaneous intralymphatic histiocytosis
Miscellaneous Occlusion Syndromes
Spider bites, hematoma compression, and the vascular face of COVID-19 and vaccine reactions
- Loxosceles spider bites and hematoma compression
- SARS-CoV-2 and the skin: the underlying idea
- Pernio-like disease ("COVID toes")
- Retiform thrombotic purpura in critical COVID-19
- COVID-19-associated coagulopathy
- Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT)
- VITT: clinical features
- Gallery: histopathology of cutaneous emboli, thrombi, and vasculopathies
Summary
The clinical thread that ties every entity in this topic together
- The clinical thread that ties this all together
- Where new understanding is heading
- References
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- Dermatology, 5th Edition (2-Volume Set)