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Dermatology
Benign Melanocytic Neoplasms and Melanotic Lesions
Built from Dermatology, 5th Edition
What’s inside
9 sections · 191 slides
Overview
- What this topic covers
- Two families of pigmented spot
Circumscribed Melanotic Lesions
Flat pigmented spots caused by extra melanin, not extra melanocytes
- Ephelides (freckles)
- Ephelides: pathology and outlook
- Comparative clinical features of ephelides and solar lentigines
- Comparative clinical features of ephelides and solar lentigines (continued)
- Comparative clinical features of ephelides and solar lentigines (continued)
- Comparative clinical features of ephelides and solar lentigines (continued)
- Comparative clinical features of ephelides and solar lentigines (continued)
- Cafe-au-lait macules (CALMs)
- Cafe-au-lait macules
- When multiple CALMs raise a flag
- Segmental cafe-au-lait macules
- Cafe-au-lait macules: pathology and care
- Becker melanosis (Becker nevus)
- Becker melanosis: what it looks like
- Becker melanosis: three presentations
- Becker melanosis: border and hair pattern
- Becker melanosis: differential and treatment
- Solar lentigines
- Solar lentigines
- Solar lentigines: dermoscopy
- Solar lentigines, second example
- Solar lentigo: histopathology
- Lentigo simplex
- Mucosal melanotic macules
- Genital lentiginosis
- Labial melanotic macule: histopathology
- Conjunctival and other mucosal melanosis
- Penile lentiginosis
- Labial melanotic macule: histopathology (second example)
- Lentigo simplex: differential and treatment
- Disorders associated with multiple lentigines
- Disorders associated with multiple lentigines (continued)
- Disorders associated with multiple lentigines (continued)
- Disorders associated with multiple lentigines (continued)
- Disorders associated with multiple lentigines (continued)
- Disorders associated with multiple lentigines (continued)
- Disorders associated with multiple lentigines (continued)
- Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (LEOPARD)
- Cafe-noir macule in Carney complex
- Carney complex and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
- Multiple lentigines: Carney complex and Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
- Laugier-Hunziker syndrome and partial unilateral lentiginosis
- Laugier-Hunziker syndrome: lip and palm lentigines
- Laugier-Hunziker syndrome: oral and acral lentigines
Dermal Melanocytosis
Blue-gray discoloration from pigment cells trapped deep in the dermis
- Mongolian spot (congenital dermal melanocytosis)
- Mongolian spot: pathology and mimics
- Dermal melanocytosis in a child with neurofibromatosis 1
- Nevus of Ota
- Nevus of Ota: clinical and histopathologic features
- Nevus of Ota: risk and management
- Nevus of Ota
- Nevus of Ota: eye involvement
- Nevus of Ito and related patches
Melanocytic Nevi: The Biology and the Blue Nevus Family
True clusters of melanocytes, driven by oncogene mutations
- What makes something a melanocytic nevus
- Genes and gene fusions implicated in the development of melanocytic nevi
- Genes and gene fusions implicated in the development of melanocytic nevi (continued)
- Genes and gene fusions implicated in the development of melanocytic nevi (continued)
- Genes and gene fusions implicated in the development of melanocytic nevi (continued)
- Genetic syndromes associated with numerous acquired melanocytic nevi
- Genetic syndromes associated with numerous acquired melanocytic nevi (continued)
- Blue nevus: overview
- Common blue nevus
- Common blue nevi: clinical and histopathologic features
- Cellular blue nevus and its atypical form
- Cellular blue nevi: clinical and histopathologic features
- Pigmented epithelioid melanocytoma (PEM)
Common Acquired, Special-Site, and Acral Nevi
How ordinary moles form, look, and where their appearance changes with location
- How many moles do we get, and why
- What switches a melanocyte into a nevus
- Triggers for the development and/or growth of melanocytic nevi
- Triggers for the development and/or growth of melanocytic nevi (continued)
- Triggers for the development and/or growth of melanocytic nevi (continued)
- Three faces of the common mole
- Common acquired melanocytic nevi: clinical and histopathologic features
- Junctional nevus by dermoscopy
- Intradermal nevus by dermoscopy
- Nevi in special settings
- Longitudinal melanonychia from a benign nail-matrix nevus
- Common nevi: pathology, mimics, and treatment
- Genital nevus and nevi of special sites
- Acral nevus
- Furrows and ridges of acral skin
- Parallel furrow pattern on dermoscopy
- Lattice-like pattern in an acral nevus
- Acral melanocytic nevus: histopathology
- Acral nevi – common dermoscopic patterns
Spitz Nevus and Related Spindle/Epithelioid Nevi
Distinctive childhood nevi that are the hardest lesions to tell apart from melanoma
- Spitz nevus: overview
- Spitz nevus: what triggers it, what it looks like
- Spitz nevi: four clinical presentations
- Spitz nevus on the ear
- Spitz nevus, pink and symmetric
- Agminated and disseminated Spitz nevi
- Agminated Spitz nevi
- Atypical Spitz tumor and Spitz melanoma
- Spitz nevus: pathology clues
- Spitz nevus: histopathologic features
- Spitz nevus vs. melanoma: Spitz nevus features
- Spitz nevus vs. melanoma: Spitz nevus features (continued)
- Spitz nevus vs. melanoma: Spitz nevus features (continued)
- Spitz nevus vs. melanoma: Spitz nevus features (continued)
- Spitz nevus vs. melanoma: Spitz nevus features (continued)
- Spitz nevus vs. melanoma: melanoma features
- Spitz nevus vs. melanoma: melanoma features (continued)
- Spitz nevus: treatment approach
- Assessment of atypical Spitz tumors in children and adolescents for risk for metastasis
- Assessment of atypical Spitz tumors in children and adolescents for risk for metastasis (continued)
- Pigmented spindle cell nevus (nevus of Reed)
- Pigmented spindle cell nevus: histopathology
- Pigmented spindle cell nevus: pathology and care
- WNT-activated deep penetrating/plexiform nevus
- WNT-activated nevus: treatment
- BAP1-inactivated melanocytic nevus
- BAP1-inactivated melanocytic nevus
- BAP1-inactivated nevus: pathology
- Combined BAP1-inactivated melanocytic nevus
- BAP1-inactivated nevus: differential and screening
- BAP1-inactivated melanocytic nevus (BAPoma) with mesothelioma
- Epithelioid BAP1-loss nevus: histopathology
Atypical (Dysplastic) Melanocytic Nevus
A controversial gray zone between the ordinary mole and early melanoma
- A controversial term, 40 years in the making
- Melanocytic nevus phenotypes
- Atypical nevi: how common, and does BRAF still drive them
- What an atypical nevus looks like
- Atypical melanocytic nevi: fried-egg and eclipse patterns
- Atypical melanocytic nevi: asymmetry and multiplicity
- Reading the dermoscopy of an atypical nevus
- Atypical nevi with dermoscopic patterns typical of benign nevi
- Atypical nevus: reticular-disorganized dermoscopy pattern
- Atypical nevi with dermoscopic patterns often seen in melanoma
- Melanoma risk associated with clinically atypical melanocytic nevi: comparison of occurrence in melanoma patients versus controls
- Atypical nevus: architecture under the microscope
- Atypical nevus: cytology and stroma
- Atypical melanocytic nevus: bridging nests on histopathology
- Two atypical-nevus variants worth naming
- Erythematous variant of atypical melanocytic nevus
- Eclipse nevus on the scalp
- Treatment: the excision decision
- Re-excision: when a biopsy margin is positive
- Following patients with many atypical nevi
- Follow-up schedule for clinically atypical melanocytic nevi
Congenital Melanocytic Nevus
Nevi present at birth, sized from a freckle to covering the whole trunk
- Congenital melanocytic nevus: classification
- Congenital nevus: how common, and what drives it
- Congenital melanocytic nevi with neurocutaneous melanosis
- What a congenital nevus looks like
- Medium-sized congenital melanocytic nevi: four presentations
- Medium-sized congenital nevus by dermoscopy
- Neurotization in a giant congenital nevus
- Neurocutaneous melanosis
- Neurocutaneous melanosis: who is highest risk
- Approach to multiple medium-sized or a large/giant congenital nevus
- Melanoma arising in congenital nevi
- Congenital nevus: pathology
- Congenital melanocytic nevus: histopathologic features
- Congenital nevus: differential diagnosis
- Small congenital melanocytic nevus, second example
- Giant congenital melanocytic nevus with multiple satellite nevi
- Congenital nevus: treatment principles
- Management of children with giant congenital melanocytic nevi (GCMN)
Nevus Spilus, Halo Nevus, Combined Nevus, and Recurrent Nevus
Four distinctive patterns that each teach a different diagnostic lesson
- Nevus spilus (speckled lentiginous nevus)
- Nevus spilus: risk and treatment
- Nevus spilus: range of presentations
- Nevus spilus: large tan patch with speckles
- Halo nevus (Sutton nevus)
- Halo nevus: the four-stage course
- Halo melanocytic nevi: stages I-IV
- Halo nevus by dermoscopy
- Combined nevus
- Combined melanocytic nevus: a discrete dark focus within a tan nevus
- Combined nevus: pathology and workup
- Combined nevus: histopathologic features
- Recurrent melanocytic nevus (pseudomelanoma)
- Recurrent nevus: pathology and red flags
- Recurrent melanocytic nevus: clinical and histopathologic features
- Recurrent nevus by dermoscopy
- Recurrent nevus: treatment
- Two questions to ask of any pigmented spot
- The recurring red flags across this topic
- What to remember
- References
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- Dermatology, 5th Edition (2-Volume Set)