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Cardiology
Venography, Hemodynamics, and Diagnosis of Venous Disease
Built from Cardiovascular Catheterization and Intervention: A Textbook of Coronary, Peripheral, and Structural Heart Disease
What’s inside
8 sections · 101 slides
Overview
- Scope of this presentation
Anatomy of the venous system
- Functions of the venous system
- Structural differences from arteries
- Superficial, deep and perforator veins
- Systemic venous system, anterior view
- The circulatory circuit
- Thoracic and abdominal veins, anterior view
- Venous return from the lower extremity
- Lower extremity venous system
- Great saphenous vein
- Small saphenous vein
- Femoral vein
- Femoral vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism
- Right iliac vein thrombus on CT
- The hepatic portal system
- Consequences of portal system thrombosis
- Superior mesenteric vein thrombus on CT
- Portal vein thrombus on CT
- Inferior vena cava: anatomy
- Indications and use of inferior vena cava filters
- Inferior vena cava diameter
- Inferior vena cava on ultrasound
- Inferior vena cava thrombus on CT
Veins of the upper extremity and neck
- Venous drainage of the upper extremity
- Upper extremity venous system, anterior view
- Cephalic vein
- Basilic vein
- Brachial veins
- Axillary vein
- External jugular vein
- Internal jugular vein
- Subclavian vein
- Brachiocephalic veins
- Superior vena cava
- Pulmonary veins
- Pulmonary circulation
Venous hemodynamics
- Venous versus arterial pressure
- Determinants of the venous pressure drop
- Mechanisms maintaining low venous pressure
- The venous muscle pump
- Functional consequences of the low-pressure system
Physical examination and classification
- Cutaneous signs of venous disease
- Corona phlebectatica
- CEAP clinical classification of venous disorders
- CEAP: the ulcerated classes
- Differentiating venous from arterial limb disease
- Clinical Features Comparing Venous and Arterial Disease
- Clinical Features Comparing Venous and Arterial Disease (continued)
Modalities of venous evaluation
- Overview of venous imaging modalities
- Duplex ultrasound: principles and applications
- Duplex ultrasound: limitations
- Venous reflux in the great saphenous vein
- Computed tomography venography
- CT venography: limitations
- Left renal vein thrombosis on CT
- Magnetic resonance venography
- MR venography: limitations
- Contrast venography
- Contrast venography: limitations
- Photoplethysmography
- Air plethysmography
- Intravascular ultrasound
- Intravascular ultrasound: limitations
Common venous pathologies
- Venous insufficiency: definition
- Pathophysiology of venous insufficiency
- Clinical presentation of venous insufficiency
- Diagnosis of venous insufficiency
- Management of venous insufficiency
- Venous thoracic outlet syndrome
- Pathophysiology of venous thoracic outlet syndrome
- Clinical presentation of venous thoracic outlet syndrome
- Diagnosis of venous thoracic outlet syndrome
- Management of venous thoracic outlet syndrome
- Deep vein thrombosis and Virchow's triad
- Risk factors for deep vein thrombosis
- Clinical presentation of deep vein thrombosis
- Diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis
- Left common femoral vein on ultrasound
- Management of deep vein thrombosis
- May-Thurner syndrome
- Clinical presentation of May-Thurner syndrome
- Diagnosis of May-Thurner syndrome
- Management of May-Thurner syndrome
Summary
- Key points: anatomy and hemodynamics
- Key points: investigation and pathology
- References
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- Cardiovascular Catheterization and Intervention: A Textbook of Coronary, Peripheral, and Structural Heart Disease
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