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Cardiology
Introduction to Cardiac Catheterization
Built from Cardiovascular Catheterization and Intervention: A Textbook of Coronary, Peripheral, and Structural Heart Disease
What’s inside
7 sections · 75 slides
Overview
- Definition and scope of cardiac catheterization
- Cardiac catheterization activity in the United States
- Evolution of the catheterization laboratory
Foundations of circulatory science
- Pre-Harvey understanding of blood flow
- Harvey's demonstration of the venous circulation
- Quantitative foundations: Galileo and Descartes
- Birth of the science of hydraulics
- Emergence of hemodynamics as a discipline
- First blood pressure measurement in an animal
- Hales' wax casts of the ventricle
- Claude Bernard and the term cardiac catheterization
- Simultaneous intracardiac pressure recording in the horse
- Fick's law of diffusion
- The Fick principle for cardiac output
- Fluoroscopy and the problem of vascular contrast
- Moniz and the first contrast angiogram
The first human catheterizations
- Forssmann's rationale for central venous access
- First human cardiac catheterization
- Publication and its consequences
- Cournand and Richards at Bellevue Hospital
- Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1956
- First catheter aortogram from the radial artery
- The Seldinger technique
- Indirect visualisation of the coronary arteries
- First selective coronary angiogram
- Judkins catheters and the establishment of coronary angiography
The catheter becomes therapeutic
- Dotter's accidental recanalisation of an occluded iliac artery
- Dotter's proposal for mechanical dilatation
- Concentric telescoping dilators for transluminal angioplasty
- Limitations of the Dotter dilator technique
- European uptake of the Dotter method
- Gruentzig's route to vascular dilatation
Development of balloon angioplasty
- Rationale for the balloon-tipped dilatation catheter
- The latex balloon problem
- The polyvinyl chloride balloon
- Miniaturisation for the coronary circulation
- First percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
- Birth of interventional cardiology
- Devices that followed balloon angioplasty
Development of coronary stents
- The two clinical problems of balloon angioplasty
- Endovascular coil spring prosthesis
- Self-expanding nitinol coil stent
- Self-expanding wire mesh coil stent
- Clinical experience with the self-expanding stent
- Principle of the balloon-expandable stent
- Mechanical actions of the implanted stent
- The first balloon-expandable coronary stents
- Divergent testing programmes for the two stents
- Drug-eluting stents
- Determinants of residual restenosis risk
Structural heart interventions
- Balloon atrial septostomy
- From coronary dilatation to valvular stenosis
- Inoue balloon mitral valvuloplasty
- Balloon valvuloplasty of the pulmonary and aortic valves
- Limitations of balloon aortic valvuloplasty
- Andersen's concept of a stent-mounted valve
- From animal experiment to first-in-human implantation
- First human transcatheter aortic valve implantation
- Expansion of transcatheter structural therapy
- Evolution of cardiac catheterization
- Key dates in the development of the field
- Recurring principles across the history
- References
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- Cardiovascular Catheterization and Intervention: A Textbook of Coronary, Peripheral, and Structural Heart Disease
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