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Orthopaedics

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AO Based)

Built from AO Surgery Reference: Spine Trauma, Degenerative, Tumors and Deformities (AO Foundation)

What’s inside

1 sections · 104 slides

  1. 01

    Overview

    • Introduction
    • Clinical and radiographic evaluation
    • History in AIS
    • Curve magnitude at presentation
    • Physical examination
    • Physical examination
    • Neurological examination
    • Neurological examination
    • Radiographs for AIS
    • Radiographs for AIS
    • Measuring Cobb angles
    • Measuring Cobb angles
    • CSVL, stable and neutral vertebrae
    • CSVL, stable and neutral vertebrae
    • Radiographic markers of skeletal maturity
    • Radiographic markers of skeletal maturity
    • The skeletally immature patient
    • Surgical strategy in immature patients
    • Surgical strategy in immature patients
    • Screening for an abnormal neuroaxis
    • Screening for an abnormal neuroaxis
    • Lenke classification
    • The Lenke triad
    • Spinal regions in the Lenke system
    • Spinal regions in the Lenke system
    • Structural criteria for minor curves
    • Classifying a curve step by step
    • Lenke curve types 1 to 3
    • Lenke curve types 1 to 3
    • Lenke curve types 4 to 6
    • Lumbar spine modifier
    • Lumbar spine modifier
    • Sagittal thoracic modifier
    • Sagittal thoracic modifier
    • AO worked examples (standing to bending)
    • AO worked examples (standing to bending)
    • Indications and choice of procedure
    • Treatment options by Lenke type
    • Treatment options by Lenke type
    • Choosing surgery for a Lenke 1 curve
    • Choosing surgery for a Lenke 1 curve
    • Choosing surgery for a Lenke 5 curve
    • Choosing surgery for a Lenke 5 curve
    • Large curves in AIS
    • Large curves in AIS
    • Two options for large curves
    • Posterior spinal osteotomies
    • Posterior spinal osteotomies
    • Safety steps in PSO and VCR
    • Safety steps in PSO and VCR
    • Selection of fusion levels
    • Choosing the upper instrumented vertebra
    • Choosing the upper instrumented vertebra
    • Lower instrumented vertebra in types 1 and 2
    • Lower instrumented vertebra in types 1 and 2
    • Stopping the fusion at L3 rather than L4
    • Stopping the fusion at L3 rather than L4
    • Fusion levels in types 3 to 6
    • Fusion levels in types 3 to 6
    • Preparation and approaches
    • Positioning for posterior surgery
    • Positioning for posterior surgery
    • Anaesthesia, blood loss and antibiotics
    • Response to a neuromonitoring change
    • Posterior approach
    • Posterior approach
    • Anterior approach to the lumbar spine
    • Anterior approach to the lumbar spine
    • Anterior thoracoscopic approach
    • Anterior thoracoscopic approach
    • Operative techniques
    • Thoracic pedicle screw entry points
    • Thoracic pedicle screw entry points
    • Posterior release and PCO
    • Posterior release and PCO
    • Screws with DVBD: correction sequence
    • Screws with DVBD: correction sequence
    • Rod choice and fine tuning
    • Rod choice and fine tuning
    • Posterior screws with and without DVBD
    • Posterior screws with and without DVBD
    • Hooks used in hybrid constructs
    • Hooks used in hybrid constructs
    • Hybrid construct for a T5-L1 Lenke 1
    • Hybrid construct for a T5-L1 Lenke 1
    • Double, triple and lumbar curve variants
    • Double, triple and lumbar curve variants
    • Anterior release
    • Anterior release
    • Anterior screw placement
    • Anterior screw placement
    • Interbody grafting: thoracic vs lumbar
    • Interbody grafting: thoracic vs lumbar
    • Anterior correction of the deformity
    • Aftercare and complications
    • Aftercare after deformity correction
    • Complications after AIS surgery
    • Complications after AIS surgery
    • Take-home messages
    • References (1 of 4)
    • References (2 of 4)
    • References (3 of 4)
    • References (4 of 4)
    • Join our WhatsApp groups

    104 slides