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Orthopaedics
Paediatric Distal Femur Fractures (AO Based)
Built from AO Surgery Reference: Orthopedic Trauma, Pediatric Trauma (AO Foundation)
What’s inside
2 sections · 107 slides
Overview
- Introduction
- Distal femoral fractures in children
- Anatomy of the distal femur
- Developmental anatomy of the distal femur
- Physeal anatomy and cartilage
- Physeal anatomy and cartilage
- Undulating physis: clinical consequences
- Undulating physis: clinical consequences
- Popliteal fossa and structures at risk
- Popliteal fossa and structures at risk
- Clinical and radiological assessment
- History and associated conditions
- Injury patterns to look for
- Injury patterns to look for
- Imaging modalities and their roles
- Imaging modalities and their roles
- Occult physeal injury and abuse
- Occult physeal injury and abuse
- Timing of treatment
- AO pediatric classification
- Epiphyseal fractures: 33-E/1 to E/3
- Epiphyseal fractures: 33-E/4 and E/8
- Metaphyseal fractures: 33-M
- Type tree of the pediatric distal femur
- Fracture types as drawn by AO
- Fracture types as drawn by AO (cont.)
- Operative set-up and approaches
- Supine positioning and C-arm set-up
- Supine positioning and C-arm set-up
- Open reduction of SH II: which side
- Open reduction of SH II: which side
- Lateral approach to the distal femur
- Lateral approach to the distal femur
- Medial approach to the distal femur
- Medial approach to the distal femur
- Salter-Harris I and II fractures
- SH I and II: definition and mechanism
- SH I and II: definition and mechanism
- SH I and simple SH II: options
- SH I and simple SH II: options (cont.)
- SH I and II: decision logic
- SH I and II: decision logic
- Closed reduction of SH I and II
- Closed reduction of SH I and II
- K-wire fixation across the physis
- K-wire fixation across the physis
- K-wire principles near the physis
- K-wire principles near the physis
- Lag screw through Thurstan Holland wedge
- Lag screw through Thurstan Holland wedge
- SH II multifragmentary (33-E/2.2)
- SH II multifragmentary (33-E/2.2) (cont.)
- Plating across the growth plate
- Plating across the growth plate
- Salter-Harris III and IV fractures
- SH III and IV: principles
- SH III (33-E/3.1 and E/3.2): options
- SH III (33-E/3.1 and E/3.2): options
- SH IV (33-E/4.1 and E/4.2): options
- SH IV (33-E/4.1 and E/4.2): options
- Epiphyseal screw fixation of SH III
- Epiphyseal screw fixation of SH III
- Pitfalls of epiphyseal screw fixation
- Pitfalls of epiphyseal screw fixation
- Why anatomical reduction: Gomes and Volpon
- Why anatomical reduction: Gomes and Volpon
- Intraarticular flake and avulsion fractures
- Intraarticular flake (33-E/8)
- Intraarticular flake (33-E/8)
- Flake: excision versus fixation
- Flake: excision versus fixation
- Ligament avulsions (33-M/7)
- Ligament avulsions (33-M/7)
- Metaphyseal fractures
- Torus/buckle fracture (33-M/2.1)
- Metaphyseal simple (33-M/3.1): options
- Metaphyseal simple (33-M/3.1): options
- Metaphyseal simple (33-M/3.1): continued
- Metaphyseal simple (33-M/3.1): continued
- Metaphyseal multifragmentary (33-M/3.2)
- Metaphyseal multifragmentary (33-M/3.2)
- Unstable metaphyseal fracture: implant
- Unstable metaphyseal fracture: implant
- Antegrade ESIN: steps
- Antegrade ESIN: steps
- ESIN pearls and pitfalls
- ESIN pearls and pitfalls
- External fixation of the distal femur
- External fixation of the distal femur
Casting, aftercare and complications
- Long leg cast: key steps
- Long leg cast: key steps
- Aftercare by treatment
- Aftercare by treatment
- Vascular injury: diagnosis and treatment
- Growth-plate follow-up schedule
- Growth-plate follow-up schedule
- Complete versus partial growth arrest
- Complete versus partial growth arrest
- Take-home messages
- References (1 of 6)
- References (2 of 6)
- References (3 of 6)
- References (4 of 6)
- References (5 of 6)
- References (6 of 6)
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