← All decks
The first 25 slides, exactly as they appear. The full deck has 54 content slides.
Orthopaedics
Joints Tidbits
Built from Pillemer — Physical Signs in Orthopaedics and Neurology
What’s inside
3 sections · 54 slides
Overview
- What this topic teaches you
- How we will build the picture
Upper Extremity
Shoulder, elbow, wrist, knuckle joints and the thumb
- Anterior dislocation of the shoulder: the classic signs
- A further sign: apparent angulation of the arm
- Apparent lateral angulation of the arm
- A healed but malunited elbow fracture
- The surprising finding on testing rotation
- Neutral forearm position with elbow flexed
- Why the rotation changes - the explanation
- Increased supination range in the malunited elbow
- Increased pronation range in the malunited elbow
- Pronation versus supination: which loss hurts more?
- Which is the more disabling loss at the forearm - loss of pronation or loss of supination?
- The wrist and the tenodesis effect
- Everyday wrist movements come in pairs
- The knuckle (MP) joints and the cam effect
- Cam-shaped metacarpal head at the knuckle joint
- Why we splint knuckles bent, not straight
- The thumb's carpometacarpal (CMC) joint
- Saddle-shaped articular surface of the trapezium
- Saddle surface on the first metacarpal base
- Stability and the key movement of the thumb
Lower Extremity
Hip, knee, ankle and the subtalar joint
- SCFE: what actually slips
- Direction of displacement in SCFE
- Correcting the slip: the triplane osteotomy
- Triplane osteotomy to correct the SCFE deformity
- The knee's 'screw-home' locking mechanism
- Open chain versus closed chain locking
- Why the knee twists as it locks
- Popliteus, the muscle that unlocks the knee
- Proving the knee is locked: the patellar-tendon test
- Locked knee: finger sinks into the tendon
- Unlocking knee: the tendon extrudes the finger
- Screw-home mechanism at a glance
- Why a tiny talar shift matters so much
- How much a 1 mm talar shift costs the ankle
- The lesson: reduce ankle fractures anatomically
- The subtalar joint and a gap in the impairment guides
- The subtalar joint between talus and calcaneus
- A simple goniometer method for subtalar movement
- Assessing subtalar range of movement with a goniometer
- Goniometer reading at the resting starting position
- Goniometer reading at maximal inversion
- Doing the arithmetic: inversion and eversion range
- Goniometer reading at maximal eversion
- Measuring eversion of the hindfoot
- Goniometer positions: neutral, inversion, eversion
- Key takeaways (upper limb)
- Key takeaways (lower limb)
- References
- Physical Signs in Orthopedic and Neurologic Disorders: A Practical Guide