← All decks
The first 25 slides, exactly as they appear. The full deck has 48 content slides.
Ophthalmology
Papilledema
Built from Khurana — Neuro-Ophthalmology
What’s inside
4 sections · 48 slides
Overview
- What this deck covers
Definition and Pathogenesis
What papilledema is and why the disc swells
- What is papilledema?
- Papilledema versus other disc swelling
- Why the disc swells: axoplasmic stasis
- How raised ICP swells the optic disc
- How fast does papilledema appear?
- How papilledema resolves
- The order in which signs fade
- Unilateral papilledema (rare)
- Causes of raised ICP that lead to papilledema
- IIH: the modified Dandy criteria
- Who gets IIH? Risk factors
Clinical Features
Symptoms and the evolving appearance of the disc
- How patients present
- Headache of raised ICP
- Transient visual obscurations (TVO)
- Vision is preserved early, lost late
- Macular exudation in papilledema
- Diplopia — a false localizing sign
- The four stages of the disc
- Early papilledema
- Fully developed papilledema
- Chronic papilledema
- Atrophic papilledema (secondary optic atrophy)
- Paton's lines
- What does a spontaneous retinal venous pulse tell you?
- Visual field defects
- Visual field defects in papilledema
Management
Confirm it, exclude mimics, and lower the pressure
- Three pillars of management
- Differential diagnosis: what mimics papilledema
- First steps and ruling out pseudopapilledema
- Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA)
- Optical coherence tomography (OCT)
- Neuroimaging
- LP opening pressure in adults
- Lumbar puncture
- Principles of treatment
- Medical treatment: acetazolamide
- Furosemide and weight loss
- Surgical treatment
- Follow-up and monitoring
- Key takeaways
- References (1/2)
- References (2/2)
- Neuro-Ophthalmology