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The first 25 slides, exactly as they appear. The full deck has 49 content slides.
Ophthalmology
Ocular Myopathies
Built from Khurana — Neuro-Ophthalmology
What’s inside
8 sections · 49 slides
Overview
- What this topic covers
Introduction and Classification
What ocular myopathies are, and how the disorders are grouped
- Why do eyes fail to move together?
- A key correction: CFEOM is really a nerve problem
- How ocular muscle myopathies are classified
Congenital Fibrosis (CFEOM)
A fixed, non-progressive restriction present from birth
- CFEOM: the core picture
- Hypoplastic oculomotor nerve on MRI
- Two ideas of what goes wrong
- Facial appearance and orbital imaging in CFEOM
- CFEOM1 — the ‘classic’ form
- Restricted eye movements in CFEOM
- CFEOM2 — the exotropic form
- CFEOM3 — the variable form
- Managing CFEOM: realistic goals
- Ptosis with lid elevation
Progressive External Ophthalmoplegia
The mitochondrial myopathies and their eye signs
- PEO: the commonest mitochondrial eye sign
- Bilateral ptosis in PEO
- Recognising PEO — and ‘PEO plus’
- MELAS — when the mitochondrial disease is systemic
- Kearns–Sayre syndrome (KSS)
- Confirming a mitochondrial cause: muscle biopsy
- Muscle biopsy stains in mitochondrial myopathy
- Why genetics is still needed — and treatment
Muscular Dystrophies
Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy and myotonic dystrophy type 1
- Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD)
- Ptosis in oculopharyngeal-type myopathy
- Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1)
Acquired Causes
Myasthenia, myositis, thyroid orbitopathy and cysticercosis
- Ocular myasthenia gravis
- Asymmetric ptosis in ocular myasthenia gravis
- Ocular myositis
- Muscle enlargement in ocular myositis
- Thyroid associated orbitopathy
- Restricted motility in thyroid orbitopathy
- Enlarged extraocular muscles on orbital CT
- Ocular myocysticercosis
- External eye appearance in orbital cysticercosis
Tumours of the Eye Muscles
Primary and metastatic disease
- Tumours involving the extraocular muscles
Pulling It Together
The pattern, and the take-home points
- Three ideas to carry away
- Key take-home points
- How do you distinguish thyroid associated orbitopathy from ocular myositis on imaging?
- References (1/2)
- References (2/2)
- Neuro-Ophthalmology