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The first 25 slides, exactly as they appear. The full deck has 63 content slides.
Ophthalmology
Ischaemic Optic Neuropathies
Built from Khurana — Neuro-Ophthalmology
What’s inside
10 sections · 63 slides
Overview
- What you will learn in this deck
What ischaemic optic neuropathy is
- A stroke of the optic nerve
- Three ways to classify the disease
- Classification of ischaemic optic neuropathies
Who gets it: epidemiology
- How common, and in whom
- Ischaemic optic neuropathy by the numbers
- The two forms differ in their patients
The blood supply you must know first
- Why start with the plumbing
- Main supply versus back-up supply
- The optic nerve head, front to back
- Regions and arterial supply of the optic nerve head
- Sectoral supply explains sectoral vision loss
- No two nerves are wired alike
- Variation in optic nerve head blood supply
- Watershed zones: the vulnerable borderlands
How the supply fails: pathogenesis
- Most attacks are low flow, not a clot
- The perfusion-pressure formula
- Autoregulation, and why it breaks down
- What deranges the autoregulation
- The rare embolic form, and confirmed risk factors
Non-arteritic AION at the bedside
- What non-arteritic AION is
- Symptoms: how patients describe it
- What the fundus shows (ophthalmoscopy)
- Fundus appearance in non-arteritic AION
- The 'disc at risk' and the fellow eye
- How the disc changes over weeks
- Fields, angiography and clinical course
Arteritic AION: the emergency
- Why arteritic AION is an emergency
- The systemic clues of giant cell arteritis
- Fundus and angiography in arteritic AION
- Fundus appearance in arteritic AION
- Arteritic versus non-arteritic AION
- Clinical course of arteritic AION
Posterior ischaemia and mimics
- Posterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (PION)
- Hypertensive optic neuropathy: a key mimic
- Compressive neuropathy, papillitis and papilledema
Management
- Two diseases, two very different plans
- Why decompression surgery was abandoned
- The two goals, and the role of ESR and CRP
- Temporal artery biopsy: gold standard, real limits
- Diagnosing giant cell arteritis: the ACR criteria
- The high-risk criteria of Lee and colleagues
- Steroid therapy for arteritic AION
- Steroid-sparing drugs, and their costs
- Treating non-arteritic AION: what actually helps
- Hunt for the risk factors, then treat them
- Complications to watch for
Pulling it together
- Ischaemic optic neuropathy at a glance
- Clinical hooks worth remembering
- How do you tell arteritic from non-arteritic AION, and why does it matter so urgently?
- References (1/2)
- References (2/2)
- Neuro-Ophthalmology