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The first 25 slides, exactly as they appear. The full deck has 72 content slides.
General Surgery
Perspective on Colonic Neoplasms (A)
Built from Maingot's Abdominal Operations
What’s inside
10 sections · 72 slides
Overview
- Scope of this perspective
- Disciplines behind the progress
- The large bowel from caecum to rectum
- Terms used throughout this topic
- Timing words used for cancer treatment
Inherited forms of colorectal neoplasm
Which syndromes exist, how they are diagnosed, and what follows
- Two families of inherited polyps
- Adenomatous polyposis syndromes
- Hamartomatous polyposis syndromes
- Lobulated adenomatous polyp of the colon
- Genetic testing and risk-reducing surgery
- When to suspect MUTYH-associated polyposis
- Inheritance pattern of MUTYH-associated polyposis
- Definition of familial colorectal cancer type X
- Amsterdam criteria II
- Cancer risk in FCC X compared with Lynch syndrome
- Surveillance in Lynch syndrome
- Surveillance in familial colorectal cancer type X
- Testing for mismatch repair gene mutations
- Immunohistochemistry as the preferred first test
- Immunohistochemical stain for a mismatch repair protein
- Routine testing of young colorectal cancer patients
- From Amsterdam criteria to a named diagnosis
Sessile serrated adenomas
A second route from bowel lining to cancer
- Features of a sessile serrated adenoma
- Saw-toothed crypts of a sessile serrated adenoma
- Adenoma next to normal colonic crypts
- Two routes from bowel lining to cancer
- Why the serrated pathway matters
PET-CT in colorectal cancer
What the combined scan adds, and where guidelines place it
- What PET-CT shows
- Combined PET and CT display of the whole body
- Where guidelines place PET-CT
- Where PET-CT is not recommended
Updated TNM staging of colorectal cancer
Finer subdivisions of T, N and M
- Structure of the TNM classification
- Subdivision of the T4 category
- Subdivision of the N categories
- Subdivision of the M category
- Updated TNM subdivisions at a glance
- Tumour growing through the wall of the colon
- Colonic adenocarcinoma deposit in a lymph node
- Expected effect of the staging update
Targeted drug therapy
Antibodies against growth signals, and who benefits
- Cetuximab and bevacizumab
- How a monoclonal antibody drug works
- Ribbon model of the cetuximab antibody protein
- K-ras mutation and response to cetuximab
Advances in radiation delivery
Image guidance and intensity modulation
- Image-guided radiation therapy
- Intensity-modulated radiation therapy
- Linear accelerator used to deliver radiation therapy
Treatment of rectal cancer
The established pathway and the deviations being tested
- Position of the rectum within the pelvis
- The German Rectal Cancer Trial
- Recommended management of locally advanced rectal cancer
- Pathologic complete response
- Nonoperative management after complete clinical response
- Neoadjuvant chemotherapy without radiation
- Reading the chemotherapy-only results
- Chemoradiation and local excision in stage I disease
- 44%
- Status of the ACOSOG Z6041 evidence
Laparoscopic and robotic surgery
Settled for colon cancer, still being tested for rectal cancer
- Laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer
- Abdominal wall after keyhole surgery
- Trials that settled laparoscopic colon surgery
- Laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer
- Why robotic surgery was taken up in the pelvis
- Robotic-assisted total mesorectal excision series
- Development of minimally invasive colorectal surgery
Summary
What to carry away from this perspective
- Take-home points on genetics and pathology
- Take-home points on imaging, staging and drugs
- Take-home points on surgery
- “
- References
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- Maingot's Abdominal Operations, 12th Edition