← All decks
Dermatology
Nail Disorders
Built from Dermatology, 5th Edition
What’s inside
11 sections · 137 slides
Overview
- What this chapter covers
Anatomy
How the nail plate is built, and how it stays attached
- Parts of the nail unit
- How the matrix builds the plate
- Nail matrix keratinization and pigment cells
Nail Signs
What each visible change tells you about where the damage sits
- Reading a nail sign
- Correlation of nail findings with anatomic site of nail damage
- Three families of nail sign
- Nail signs and nail disorders - composite overview
- Beau's lines
- Onychomadesis (nail shedding)
- Onychomadesis after a nail-fold infection
- Onychomadesis after hand-foot-and-mouth disease
- Pitting
- Onychorrhexis
- Trachyonychia (twenty-nail dystrophy)
- Trachyonychia - sandpapered nail surface
- True leukonychia
- Punctate and striate true leukonychia
- Diffuse true leukonychia and its genetics
- Diffuse true leukonychia
- Koilonychia (spoon nails)
- Causes of onycholysis
- Onycholysis
- Subungual hyperkeratosis
- Apparent leukonychia
- Splinter hemorrhages
- Nail pigmentation - three sources
- Longitudinal melanonychia
- Causes of longitudinal melanonychia
- Approach to longitudinal melanonychia
- Nail dermoscopy for melanonychia
- Green nail syndrome
Congenital and Hereditary Nail Diseases
Nail findings present at birth, or written into the genes
- Congenital and hereditary nail disease
- Selected hereditary disorders of the nails
- Selected hereditary disorders of the nails (continued)
- Congenital and hereditary nail disease
- Congenital malalignment of the great toenails
- Congenital malalignment - thickened, deviated toenails
- Congenital hypertrophy of the lateral nail fold
- Racquet thumbs (brachyonychia)
- Nail-patella syndrome
- Nail hypoplasia in nail-patella syndrome
- Epidermolysis bullosa and ectodermal dysplasia
- Pachyonychia congenita
- Darier disease
- Darier disease - V-shaped notching
- Darier disease - red and white streaks
The Nail in Dermatologic Diseases
How common skin diseases show up in the nail
- Psoriasis - diagnostic nail signs
- Differential diagnosis of nail psoriasis
- Psoriasis - other findings and treatment approach
- Therapeutic ladder for nail psoriasis
- Therapeutic ladder for nail psoriasis (continued)
- Treatment algorithm for nail unit psoriasis
- Acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau
- Differential diagnosis of acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau
- Treating acrodermatitis continua
- Parakeratosis pustulosa
- Nail lichen planus
- Nail lichen planus - thinning and pterygium
- Differential diagnosis of nail lichen planus
- Treating nail lichen planus
- Treatment algorithm for isolated nail lichen planus
- Trachyonychia in inflammatory skin disease
- Trachyonychia - sandpapered nail surface
- Alopecia areata and nail changes
- Eczema (dermatitis) and the nail
The Nail in Systemic Diseases
Nail findings that point beyond the skin
- Clubbing
- Systemic conditions associated with clubbing
- Clubbing in pachydermoperiostosis
- Yellow nail syndrome
- Treating yellow nail syndrome
- Apparent leukonychia in systemic disease
- Three named patterns of apparent leukonychia
- Muehrcke's nails during chemotherapy
- Autoimmune connective tissue disease
- HIV infection and the nail
- Drug-induced nail changes
- Drug-induced nail abnormalities
- Drug-induced nail abnormalities (continued)
- Severe onycholysis from an FGFR inhibitor
- Periungual pyogenic granulomas from a drug
- More drug-induced nail patterns
Infections
Bacterial, viral, and fungal disease of the nail unit
- Acute paronychia
- Treating acute paronychia
- Warts around the nail
- Therapeutic ladder for periungual warts
- Therapeutic ladder for periungual warts (continued)
Environmental Nail Disorders
Damage from water, chemicals, and daily wear
- Brittle nails (fragility, onychoschizia)
- Treating brittle nails
- Chronic paronychia
- Treating chronic paronychia
- Idiopathic onycholysis
Traumatic Nail Abnormalities
Mechanical injury, self-inflicted damage, and cosmetic trauma
- How manicures and pedicures damage nails
- Nail changes associated with a manicure or pedicure
- Onychotillomania
- Habit-tic deformity and median canaliform dystrophy
- Treating onychotillomania
- Subungual hematoma
- Traumatic toenail abnormalities
- Traumatic onycholysis of the hallux
- Onycholysis due to hallux erectus
- More toenail trauma patterns
- Onychogryphosis
- Pincer nails (trumpet nails)
- Three patterns of onychocryptosis (ingrown toenail)
- Three patterns of onychocryptosis
- Treating ingrown toenails
Nail Tumors
Benign growths and cancers of the nail apparatus
- Benign nail tumors - overview
- Pyogenic granuloma of the nail unit
- Fibromas and fibrokeratomas
- Subungual exostosis
- Subungual exostosis
- Subungual exostosis - nodule elevating the plate
- Myxoid cyst
- Glomus tumor
- Onychomatricoma
- Onychomatricoma - thickened nail plate
- Onychopapilloma
- Onychopapilloma - subungual erythronychia
- Melanocytic nevi of the nail matrix
- Malignant nail tumors - overview
- Four malignant tumors of the nail unit
- Bowen disease of the nail
- Keratoacanthoma and squamous cell carcinoma
- Verrucous carcinoma
- Nail melanoma
- Amelanotic melanoma of the nail
- ABCDEF rule for subungual melanoma
- Hutchinson sign in nail melanoma
- Key takeaways
References
Sources cited in this chapter
- References
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- References (continued)
- Dermatology, 5th Edition (2-Volume Set)